Door operated damper



Filed Sept. 29, 1945 June 29, 1948- KLEIN 2,444,402

DOOR OPERATED DAMPER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR CiusT/h/ KLE/A/ ATTORNEYJune 29;194s.

G. KLEIN DOOR OPERATED DAMPER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 29, 1943INVENTOR gusT/n KLE/A/ 77;0

ATTORNEY lized.

Patented June 29, 1948 DOOR OPERATED DAMPER Gustav Klein, Atlantic City,N. J., assignor to Caloric Gas Stove Works, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application September 29, 1943, Serial No. 504,209

1 Claim.

My invention relates to a damper construction particularly adapted foruse in connection with solid fuel burning, space heating stoves and thelike.

, A desirable andcommonly used stove is known asthe magazine type, inwhich it is only necessary to charge t e stove with solid fuel once ortwice a day, according to the rate of consump- .tion of fuel. Suchstoves are desirably provided with dampers which normally segregate themagazine or green fuel stora e space from the chimney through whichgases of combustion escape intov the smoke stack. This is for thepurpose of preventing inflammable gases, which are distilled from thereen coal in the magazine chamber, from escaping into t e chimneywithout having first been burned and the heat thereof uti- It is,however, equally true that it is necessary to provide for the escape ofsuch gases into the chimney whenever the magazine door is opened eitherfor inspection purposes or for rechargin the stove, in order to preventsaid gases, which are obnoxious, from being discharged to a pointoutside the stove. Likewise, it is sometimes desirable, in order tospeed combustion and secure quick heat, to open the damper referred to,in order to increase the draft through the fire bed. In the event that astructure such as has been outlined is used, it is necessary to make theoperation of the damper bot-h independent of and concomitant with theoperation of the door of the magazine of the stove, and likewise it isdesirable to provide means which will insure restoration of the damperto its normal operating position, thus eliminating the possibility ofthe operator forgetting the damper in its, so to speak, permanently openposition.

It is, therefore, an object of my invention to produce a damperconstruction which will satisfy all of the foregoing requirements andwhich will be inexpensive to manufacture and install and easy tooperate.

These and ther objects are effected by my invention as will be apparentfrom the following description and claim taken in connection with theaccompanyin drawings forming a part of this application, in which:

Fig. 1. is a view, partly in side elevation and partly in verticalsection, of a magazine type solid fuel-burning, space heating stoveembodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the upper portion of Fig. 1, showing themagazine door partly 2 open and showing the damper in one positionthereof;

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 2, showing the doorof the magazinefully open and the damper in still another position;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of Fig. 3; and,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a part of the damper-operatin mechanism.

Referring to the drawings more in detail, I0 designates a magazine typeof stove. which is preferably lined with refractory material I2 andwhich is surrounded with a shell l4, spaced from the stove proper andopen at its bottom and at its top so that relatively cool air from nearthe floor may enter between the shell 14 and the stove proper iii, to beheated and discharged at the upper end of the shell I4, thus creating aconstant circulation. T e stove is provided with the usual ash pit door16. At the top of the magazine, which is defined by the refractorymaterial I2, is a housing forming a dome Hi, from the rear end of whichextends a chimney 20. Products of combustion from the fire bed in thelower portion of the magazine pass upwardly into and are dischar edthrough the chimney 20, through passages which form no part of thepresent invention and hence are not shown nor described. The domestructure 18 is provided with a charging opening 22 which is adapted tobe closed by a door 24. The door 24 is provided with an arm 26 which ishinged, at 28, to a lever 30. The lever 30 is hinged, at 32, to a lever34 which is fulcrumed, at 36, to a lug 38 carried by a partition 40. Thepartition 40' has a horizontally-extending securin or supporting portion42 and is provided with an opening 44 which is adapted to be closed by adamper 46, mounted for free pivotal movement about a horizontal trunnion48.

Normally the damper 46 is arranged to close the opening 44 by gravity,so that with the door 24 closed, as in Fig. 1, the inflammable gasesdistilled from the coal in the magazine are confined therein to be drawndownwardly and consumed in the fire bed by the draft which operates inthe passages, through which products of combustion travel upwardly intothe chimney 20. As previously stated, these passages are not shown asthey are not necessary for an understanding of the subject matter ofthis invention.

In order that the inflammable gases referred to may not be discharged toa point outside of the stove when the door 24 is open, the levers 30 and34 will, as is clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, operate to open thedamper concomitantly with the raising of the near 24 from its closedposition, as shown in Fig. 1; Ihus, as the door 24 is raised the arm 30is moved to the left, and pivots the lever 34 about the fulcrum 36 inthe direction of the arrow 50 in Fig. 2. This causes the tip 52 of thelever 34 to engage the front surface of the lower portion of the damper46 and move it upwardly until the damper occupies a slightlyover-horizontal"position when the door is'iully open, as clearly shownin Fig. 3. Conversely, when the door is closed, the lever 30 moves tothe right, thus pivoting the lever 34 in the reverse or clockwisedirection to withdraw the deflected tip 52 of the lever 34 out of thepath of the damper 46, which, by gravity, assumes lapos'itioncloising'.the opening 44, as shown in Fig. will thus be seen that every time the'door'isopenedjwholly or in part, the damper 46 is correspondinglyactuated so that a corresponding portion of the open- ;ing 44 isunobstructed, thus permitting the in- Y'flammable'gasesaccumulating inthe dome i8 to be drawn by the draft prevailing in the; chimney TZOQsothat they cannot escape into the room.

"Inorder to be'able to 'ac'tuate "the damperj it "to a non-closingposition when the door 24 is left closed, I provide the crankarnifli i,b'est shown in FigI'5. This cranls'armfincludes a" handle 55, zanoffsetportion'ES', afho'rizontal porti'on'illl, and "another offsetportion 62, the latter having a" deflected tipB l. The mounting of thecrankarm '54 isbest, seenin Fig. 4, from which it will be apparentthatthe handlef fifi and the oilfset portion ,"fiilextend beyond;'oroutwardlyof the domelfi, f' while [the horizontal portion'til extendsinwardly so that the portion 62 and the deflected tip 64 are"fdisposed'above or tothe right of 'thedarnper 46, [asvi e wed in Fig, 1.When itis desired to open the damper as without opening th'e'door 24, itis merely necessary to rotate the handle 56 in clockwise direction tobring the'"dfie'cted tip li4'into engagement with the rear side of theupperpor- :tion of the damper46. ",As th'eha'ndleffijt is furtheriotated, the dampen is movedto the sub- .stantiall horizontal positionshown in Fig. 2, At this point it is to be'no'ted that, either the han-"idle Efiisweighted, or the c'onrbined weight of the jliahdle; portionsStand '58. is in -excess of the weight of the'po'rtioh 62 and thedefiectedtip 64,

to the full extent shown in Fig. 3, the tip 52 of the lever 34 furthermoves the damper 46 from the substantially horizontal position shown inFi 2, to the over-horizontal position shown in 5 Fig. 3. In thisposition, it will be seen that the upper portion of the damper 46 willbe out of contact with the deflected tip 64 of the crankarm 54 and thatthere is now nothing to retain the ci arikarmj l inits damper openingposition, as shown'in Fig. 2. The excess'weight of the handle 56 and ofthe portion 58 now rotates the crankarm in the opposite orcounterclockwise direction until it assumes the position shown inFig. 1. The fire is now inspected and, if necessar an additionalchargeof coal is introduced and sincet'he'crankarm 54 is now inoperative, the"'damper"46 willfclose the opening 44 as the door 24 is closed. By thisconstruction, it is possible td'a'ctuate the damper 46 to its openposition independently of the operation of the door 24, but as 'soon'as'the-door*24 is'open, and it has to be opened'fsoonerfor-later in orderto inspect the fire oi-to replenish the supply of fuel, the'dainper 46is automatically returned to its automatic open- 25 ingand' closingposition unless it is again actuated to the openfposition by positiveand delibera te manipulation of the crankarm '54 in the mannerhereinabove described.

twill thus be seen that by merely adding the cranlcarm 54,bystrategically"positioning it with lresp'ectto the-damper 46, and byproportioning the weight of the handle 56 and the offset portion 58' inrespect to the portions 62 and '64 of the crankarm, and bycorrespondingly proportion- "ing';the tip 52 -of the lever 34, all ofthe foregojing advantages are accomplished by a very simfple arrangementwhich involves minimum use of material and labor and time in fassemblyand installation. It will also be seen 40 that the structure isfoolproof, in that'there are no parts that canjin anyway, go'out oforder or that can-even be damaged by normal abuse incidental to normalusage.

Having thus 'de'scri'bed'my invention, what I claim as new'anddesi're tosecure by Letters Patent is:

In afsto've having an access opening leading 10' the interior thereof, adoor for closing said .g sotnat, other things being e q mhthe crankarinOpel ring, a' chimney for exhausting combustion 54wouldnormal1y tend'toreturn to the position gases, a wall structure defininga passage inter-"shown in Fig. l, and the'damper closes the openmg 44, IHoweven-the,construction is such that when thc'edrved tipfi l is inengagement withthe damper 46, as, shown in Fig. 2, the friction be tweenthe tip64 ahdthef 'fmpei- 4i; is sufiicient to overcom s the weightdifferential," so that the crankarm '54 will. maintain itsdamper-opening position, shown in Fig. 2, until it ispositivelydi lodgedby externally applied force oraction. By I this construction, it ispossiblelto open the damp: er 46 withoutopening the door 24, thusincreas- "ing the draft through the fire 'bed at the lower end of themagazine in order to produce quick heat. flfhis isrnostgcommonly doneearly in the :mjorning. to raise the fire'inthe'stove which had been,banked thefnight before so as to heat the space rapidly. However.somewhat later, it is also necessary to shake the grates and replenishthe coal supply, and I utilizethis fact in order to insure that theydamper 45 isnot 'for gotten in its open position throughout'the' daywhen rapid combustion is not needed.

In order to accomplish this end, I have so arrang ed the lever3,4,fandmore particularly the "'itip"52 thereoffthat when the door '24isopened 'connectingth'e interior of said stove with said chimney, apivoted damper movable by gravity -to a firstpositioirin'which it closessaid passage and rotatable'to a second position in which 55 said'passageis openysaid damper including a "first portion disposed'to' one'side,and a second portion disposed to theother side of the'axis of rotationthereof, door-actuated meansmovable,

" whensaiddoor is opened to a first predetermined extent, intoengagement withone of said damper "portions torotate said damper-to saidsecond position, a? pivotedarmmotatable, independently of said door andsaid door-actuated means, to a first position in which it cngagestheother of said damper portions and rotates --said damper toward, andretainsit in; said second position, said arm, when not engaged with saiddamper portion, being movable by gravity to a'second -position in whichit does not affect the operation of said damper, said door-actuatedmeansbeing movable, when said door is moved to a second and'greaterpredetermined extent, to-rotate said damper further in the direction ofsaid second position-until said other portion of said damper isdisengaged from said arm, whereby said arm moves, by gravity, to itssecond position and said damper moves, by gravity, to its first posifileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS tion. Number Name Date GUSTAV K E 167,186 McKenneyAug. 31, 1875 5 205,050 Bussey June 18, 1878 REFERENCES CITED 232,457Clement Sept. 21, 18.80 387,091 Mahedy July 31, 1888 The followmgreferences are of reco1d 1n the 2,174,347 Card Sept 26 1939

